Wednesday, December 05, 2007

Seattle Schools Study

I was shocked today to read a supposedly scholarly report on Seattle's "APP" program. Although the senior author, Carolyn Callahan, is well known to people I respect, the report is unscientific and full of ad hominem attacks .
APP is important to me because our kids graduated from this program. APP serves the needs of kids at the extreme end of academic ability. Kids like these often fail ihn life due to boredom in school.

APP is thirty years old and was built on a simple idea proposed by Hal and Nancy Robinson of the UW. Their idea .. reward kids for progress by giving them new challenges continually. This continuous progress model could be used for all kids but in Seattle the idea was to use it to deal with kids at the highest test levels, kids who typically perform two or more grades above the norm.

Instead of an evaluation, Dr. Callahan has collected pages of gossip and innuendo. Instead of statics, she bases her recommendations on anecdotes and often unsupported and ad hoc comments:

some quotes:

She sees racism based on:

"A small number of principals view the program as “promoting institutional racism.” Others view the program as responsible for “taking away our top kids” and leaving their buildings with poorer reputations than would be the case if the students remained in their neighborhood schools."

She described elitism because:

"some of the claims are patronizing of and condescending toward other groups (e.g., “the gifted students can take care of and look out for the kids in the special education program”)."

Instead of an examination of test scores or curricular content, she says:

" While the work at Lowell may be more challenging than students’ previous schools, the students did not agree that it was challenging enough. In a group of elementary students, only one student indicated that the curriculum was challenging more than 50% of the time and that they were learning something new more than 50% of the time. One second grade student remarked that the instructional pace at Lowell was rushed, and that teachers moved through topics quicker than she wished, and thus their learning lacked sufficient depth and breadth. The high school students described different classes and different teachers as providing varying levels of challenge. For example, one high school science class was described as “a joke.”

Even specific examples seem ... unconvincing:

"Classroom projects appear to be enriching but do not reach the level of rigor appropriate for this type of setting. For example, a second grade student
described a Mystery Book Bag Project where the students were asked to put objects into a brown shopping bag that showed facts about a book they read."
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I could go on and on the critical points are these

1. Criticisms are based on anecdotal comments. sometimes by "some" students or an anonymous group of dissident parents. In some places these charges border on slander. In one place the authors charge some parents with working the system by hiring people to produce favorable test scores.

2. The program is criticized by comparison with an unstated current consensus on how gifted children "should be taught." No specifics are offered.

3. NO STATISTICS ARE OFFERED. In one place the authors incorrectly recommend the use of a "standard error of the mean" to describe a range of test results. The correct term here would be standard deviation.

4. In a program in existence since 1978, no attempt was made to determine if the program's students are successful. No graduated students were interviewed and no data are offered on such easily obtained vlaues as college admissions, higher degrees, etc.

5. On many specific points, the authors have their facts wrong E.g. they seem unaware that APP is not a high school program or that several Seattle Schools have competitive music programs
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I am bewildered. The main author is supposedly very competent. Did her assistants write this Did she read it? Is this what passes for scholarship in education?Worse, is the SPS going to harm a very succesful program?
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12 comments:

Anonymous said...

I have not read the report but, having had one kid go through the APP program at Lowell and having brought that child back into the neighborhood for middle and high school, I do have some perspective on the Seattle Schools' APP program.

Our experience at Lowell was less than satisfying. We felt that, out of the 5 years our kid was there she had two good teachers and the rest were duds. The work never seemed all that much more challenging to our child.

We also felt that our involvement in the PTSA and school activities was much lower because of the distance from our home and that hurt the effectiveness of the program.

We chose to bring our kid back into the neighborhood because it allowed us to be more involved in the school and because we did not see sufficient "value add" from APP. I believe in our case it has led to a child who is happier in school, better integrated and that it has not hurt academically. We're fortunate to live in an area where the middle and high schools are in the top tier for the Seattle School District.

I can't speak to the "institutional racism" of the APP program but I will anyway...

I suspect they are talking more about Washington MS and Garfield HS where the neighborhood kids attend the same building but a completely different program.

There is no doubt in my mind that much resentment builds up in the neighborhood kids when they see the mostly white and Asian kids who are (not uniformly) more affluent than themselves and certainly have more opportunities. Our friends who went on to Washington certainly reported issues of bullying between the neighborhood kids and the APP students.

Does that constitute "institutional racism?" I don't know how to define it. Moving the APP kids out of the building wouldn't change anything other than take the in-your-face aspect out of the mix. There is no way I can imagine that would allow a separate APP program to not segregate kids (that's what it's all about, after all).

The only solution I can see is to pour money into the majority poor schools which ain't going to happen in the current political climate and really has nothing to do with APP.

Keeping really bright kids challenged is not easy. I remain unconvinced, however, that APP is the best solution to the problem here.

-OM

SM Schwartz said...

OM

Thoughtful comment, Tx.

I agree with some of it, however the main issue oughtn not to be anecdotal opinion s... yourd or mine. This was upposedly an expert analysis. Please do click on the image to go to the 80 page report. You will find, I believe that most of that space is redundant filler. The actual anlayis is uterly anecdotal.

SM Schwartz said...

OM

If I could add a bit, our kids were in the porgram before Lowell. This cliam of racism is utterly misleading. There WAS racism buit not of the sort they describe. First, they put us in a school that had been essentially drained of all kids whose parents wanted to and could get them out. There were no special programs. As a result we had a huge issue with local kids who were reverse selected for the school. This does create racism, how do you NOT teach that when you have the non APP all Black and all there for the reasons I gave noted and the APP representative of the District (in those days perhaps 15% black, now 20%)? To make matters worse the District tried to combine kids for reading! Imagine APP second graders in the same class with the regular kids, APP ethnically mixed, APP reading 2-3 grade levesl hgher than norm, fe of the mainstream kids even at grade level.

Claming "racism" on APP under these circumstances is disgusting.

That said, I have always felt that Lowell was a poor answer. In opinion, the essence of APP is not giftedness but willingness to work under a student contract. I have advocated for years the creation of a contunuous progress school, built on the APP model, including APP, but fostering contnuous progress for all kids. This wopuld mean a requirement that the parents would support onerous homework assignements and tough grading. I beleive a lot of families would opt for this sort of place.


There are alos issuers with Middle school, but again these are not ... as impied in this badly written report, the rpoblem of AOPP but the porblem of the District. As one example, the District is built on the usual American model that mioddle school kids have too much hormones to lear and the resulting curriculum ranges form remidal to minimal new material. BUT, most APP kids are ready (at least) for Highs School level courses. The problem we had here was that many fo our teachers lacked the content expertise to teach at a High School level. In this regard, although they explian themselves poorly, I think there is merit in the report.

Anonymous said...

"3. NO STATISTICS ARE OFFERED. In one place the authors incorrectly recommend the use of a "standard error of the mean" to describe a range of test results. The correct term here would be standard deviation."

No, actually, they said standard error of measurement, which is correct. I was surprised, given that they noticed the ceiling problems on the teacher's assessments, that they didn't say something about the district using only grade-level testing for admission, which has horrible ceiling problems and worsens disparities.

SM Schwartz said...

Anon

I do not think hey are correct. The test is used to create a rank . Any stat based on the same set of relative scores will give the same rank.

Seattle Electrician said...

If I could add a bit, our kids were in the porgram before Lowell. This cliam of racism is utterly misleading. There WAS racism buit not of the sort they describe. First, they put us in a school that had been essentially drained of all kids whose parents wanted to and could get them out.

SM Schwartz said...

Did you want to make a comment?

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